Frequently asked questions

Find answers to common questions about eye diseases, treatments and when you should see an ophthalmologist.

Learn more about cataracts, glaucoma, dry eyes and age-related macular degeneration.

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What does an eye doctor do?

An eye doctor, also known as an ophthalmologist, is a medical specialist who diagnoses and treats eye diseases and vision problems. They perform everything from vision tests to surgical procedures such as cataract surgery and treatment of eyelid disorders.

When should I see an eye doctor?

You should see an eye doctor if you experience sudden vision loss, persistent eye pain, blurry vision, flashes of light, floaters in your vision, or if you have a known eye disease that requires follow-up, such as glaucoma or age-related macular degeneration.

What is the difference between an optometrist and an eye doctor?

An optometrist is a specialist who performs vision tests and prescribes glasses and contact lenses, while an eye doctor is a physician who can diagnose and treat eye diseases, including performing surgical procedures.

What happens during a general eye exam?

A general eye exam includes an assessment of visual acuity, measurement of eye pressure, examination of the retina, and a check of the overall health of the eye. The eye doctor may also test for color blindness, depth perception, and peripheral vision.

How can I prevent eye diseases?

To prevent eye diseases, you should have regular eye exams, wear sunglasses with UV protection, eat a balanced diet rich in antioxidants, and avoid smoking. People with diabetes should also closely monitor their blood sugar levels to avoid diabetic retinopathy.

What are dry eyes, and how is it treated?

Dry eyes occur when your eyes don’t produce enough tears, or when the tears are of poor quality. This can cause discomfort, burning, and blurred vision. Treatment includes artificial tears, special eye drops, or in some cases, minor surgical procedures.

What is cataract?

Cataract is an eye disease where the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to impaired vision. Cataracts usually develop slowly and commonly affect older people. The condition can be treated with surgery, where the cloudy lens is replaced with an artificial one.

What is age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina, leading to loss of central vision. AMD is the most common cause of vision loss in people over 60. There are two types of AMD: wet and dry.

How is dry and wet AMD treated?

Dry AMD is often treated with vitamin supplements to slow its progression, while wet AMD can be treated with injections into the eye to stop the growth of abnormal blood vessels. Regular check-ups with an eye doctor are important for monitoring the condition.

What is glaucoma, and why is it dangerous?

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, often due to high pressure in the eye. Glaucoma can lead to permanent vision loss if not treated. Regular eye exams are crucial for early detection and treatment.

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